105¦~10¤ë¸¹ ¹D ªk ªk °T (294) |
DEEP & FAR |
|
½×¤å¦r¨¤¦â¤§«OÅ@¡X ±qµÛ§@Åvªk»PÄvª§ªk¥Xµo¡]¤T¡^
|
±i¶v¶{ «ß®v ¡E
°ê¥ß¦¨¥\¤j¾Çªk«ß¨t¾Ç¤h ¡E
°ê¥ß¦¨¥\¤j¾Çªk«ß©ÒºÓ¤h |
|
¶L¡B¬ü°êªk¹ï©ó¨¤¦â¤§«OÅ@
¤G¡B°Ó¼Ðªk»P¤£¥¿Ävª§ªk(Trademark
and Unfair Competition)«OÅ@
°Ó¼Ðªk»P¤£¥¿Ävª§ªk¤§«OÅ@¥Øªº¦b©ó¼Ð¥Ü°Ó«~©ÎªA°Èªº¨Ó·½¡A«OÅ@½d³ò¯à²[»\µÛ§@Åvªk©ÒµLªk«OÅ@¤§³¡¤À¡A¨Ò¦p¨¤¦â¦WºÙ¡B¥~Æ[¡BªA¸Ë¡B¨¤¦âªº¦W¨¥(key phrase)¡Aªk°|ªÖ©w¥H°Ó¼Ðªk«OÅ@¨¤¦â¤§¦WºÙ¡B¥~Æ[¤ÎªA¸Ë¤§®×¨Ò©Ò¦b¦h¦³¡A¦bChaplin
v. Amador®×[1]¡A³Q§iAmador¦b¦Û¤vªº¹q¼v¤¤¡A´X¥G½Æ»s¤Fì§iCharlie Chaplinªº¬ïµÛ¥´§ê©MªíºtÀ¸½X¡A¬Æ¦Ü±N¦Û¤vªº¦W¦r§ï¦¨¡uCharlie Aplin¡v¡Aªk°|»{¬°³Q§i³o¨Ç¦æ¬°¬O¬°¤F¨Ï¤½²³²V²c¡A¨Ï¤H»~»{¦Û¤v¥I¶O¬OÆ[½à¡uCharlie Chaplin¡vªºªíºt¡A¦]¦¹ªk°|¸T¤î³Q§i¶i¤@¨Bªº¼Ò¥é¦æ¬°¡A¥]§t¨Ï¥Î¡uCharlie
Aplin¡v³oÓ¦WºÙ¡C¦P¼Ë¦a¡A·í¡uTarzan¡v³oÓ¨¤¦â³Q¥Î¨Ó©çÄᦨ¤H¹q¼vTanz&Jane&boy&Cheeta®É¡Aªk°|¥ç»{¬°³Q§i¤§¦æ¬°®£¨Ï¤½²³»~»{³Q§i¤§§@«~¤w±o¨ìì§iªº±ÂÅv©Î¥Ñì§i©Ò»s§@[2]¡C¦b¨¤¦â¦WºÙ®×¥ó¤¤[3]¡Aªk°|´X¥G³£·|¥H³Q§i¨Ï¥Î»Pì§i°ª«×ªñ¦ü¤§¦WºÙ±N¨Ï¤½²³Áp·Q¨ì¯S©w§@«~©Î§@ªÌ¡A¦]¦Ó¦³»~¾É¤½²³¤§¸·¡A¦Ó¸T¤î³Q§iÄ~Äò§Q¥Îì§i¤§¨¤¦â¦WºÙ©Î¥~«¬¡C
¨¤¦â¤§¥~Æ[¤ÎªA¹¢³y«¬¥ç¯à¥H°Ó¼Ð»P¤£¥¿Ävª§ªk¥[¥H«OÅ@¡A¦bDC Comics Inc. v. Unlimited Monkey Business, Inc.[4]
®×¤¤¡Aì§i¾Ö¦³Superman©MWonder Woman¤§µÛ§@Åv©M°Ó¼ÐÅv¡Aªk°|»{¬°³Q§i¬O·N¹ÏÃkªþì§i¤§«HÅA¡A¬G¸T¤î³Q§i¨Ï¥Î¡uSuperstud¡v¡B¡uWonder
wench¡v¤GÓ»Pì§i¨¤¦â¤§¦WºÙ¡BªA¸Ë¬Ò¬Û¦üªº¨¤¦â©ó¦Û¤vªº°Ó«~©ÎªA°È¤W¡C
Æ[¹îªk°|¾ú¨Ó®×¥ó¡Aì§i¤§½Ð¨DY±ý¨üªk°|©ÒªÖ»{¡A¶·¥ýº¡¨¬¤GÓn¥ó¡A²Ä¤@¡A¨ä©Ò¾Ö¦³¤§¨¤¦â¬O§_¨ã¦³¨Ï¤½²³Áp·Q¨ì¯S©w§@«~©Î§@ªÌ¤§¯à¤O¡A©Î¬O²Å¦X²Ä¤G¼h·N¸q(secondary meaning)¦Ó¤w²£¥Í·sªº¯S®í·N¸q¨Ï¤½²³¯àÁp·Q¨ì¸Ó¨¤¦â¤§³æ¤@¨Ó·½(single
source)¡A´«¨¥¤§¡A¨¤¦â¨ã³Æ¬YºØµ{«×¤§¥«³õ¬y³q©Ê¡A¸û¯à²Å¦X¤Wzn¨D¡C¨ä¦¸¡A³Q§i¤§§Q¥Î¬O§_¦³³y¦¨²V²c»~»{¤§¸·©Î¬O¥H§Q¥Î¦æ¬°´ÛÄF©Î²V²c§@«~©Î¨¤¦â¤§¨Ó·½[5]¡C
¡]«ÝÄò¡^
[1] Chaplin v. Amador,269 P. 544(Cal. Ct. App. 1928)
[2] Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc. v. Manns,195 U.S.P.Q.(BNA)159(C.D.Cal.,1976.)
[3] Patten v. Superior Talking Pictures, 8 F. Supp. 196 (S.D.N.Y 1934)®×¤¤ªº¡uFrank Merriwell¡v¡BPremier-Pabst Corporation v. Elm City Brewing Co., 9 F. Supp. 754 (D. Conn. 1935) ®×¤¤ªº¡uOld Mastro¡v.
[4] DC Comics Inc. v. Unlimited Monkey Business, Inc., 598 F. Supp. 110, 112 (N.D. Ga., Atl. Div. 1984)
[5] Jasmina Zecevic, Distinctly Delineated Fictional Character that Constitute the Story Being Told: Who are They and Do They Deserve Independent Copyright Protection,8 VAND. J . ENT. L.&PRAC.365 370(2006),p14.