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1. ¦b¥|¥ó®×¨Ò¤¤¡A¬ü°ê°Ó¼Ðªk²Ä43±ø(a)¤§¥D±i³QÁnºÙ«Y¥Nªí¹ÎÅé®ø¶OªÌ¡C£¸ªk©x©Úµ´ÃÒ¹ê¹ÎÅé¡A¨äµo²{­Ó§O°ÝÃD¶W¶V¤F¦@¦Pªº°ÝÃD¡CArnesen»PRaymond Lee Organization, Inc.®×(59 FRD 145, 147-48, 179 USPQ 210, 211 (CD Calif 1973))¡C¦b¥t¤@®×¥ó¤¤¡A¦b¤@©Ó¼fªk©x¸g¹L²Ê²¤ªº¤ÀªR«á¡A¦Ó½T»{¤@¹ÎÅé«á¡A¥t¤@¦Wªk©x¨ú®ø¹ÎÅé¸ê®æ¤§»{©w(Mguire, supra note 57, 138 FRD at 448-52; Maguire, supra note 58, 145 FRD at 51-54)¡C±µµÛ»{ÃÒ°ÝÃD¥Ñ¤W¶Dªk°|ªº¨M©w»{¬°µL®Ú¾Ú¡A¨Ã»{©w®ø¶OªÌ¦b¬ü°ê°Ó¼Ðªk²Ä43±ø(a)¤U¨Ã¤£¨ã¦³¥ß³õ¡A½Ð°ÑSerbin v. Ziebart International®×¡C¦b¨ä¥L¨â¥ó®×¥ó¤¤¡Aªk©x»{©wÁnºÙ®ø¶OªÌ¯Ê¥F¥ß³õ¡A¥B¦]¦¹¥¼½×¤Î¹ÎÅé»{ÃÒijÃD¡A½Ð°ÑBarrus v. Sylvania®×¡FLoy v. Armstrong®×¡C³Ì«á¡A®Ú¾Ú RICO±ø¨Ò¡A¨ä¤¤¹ÎÅé¥D±i«YÁnºÙ¿ù»~¼s§iºc¦¨¶l¥ó´Û¶Bªº³N»yRICO¤£ªk¦æ¬°¡A¦Ó¤T¦ìªk©x»é¦^¸Ó¹ÎÅé¥D±i¡A²z¥Ñ¬O¶Ë®`©M¨Ì¿àªº­Ó¤H°ÝÃD¡A¶W¶V¤F¦@¦Pªº°ÝÃD¡CMartin v. Dahlberg Inc.®×(156 FRD 207, 213-17 (ND Calif 1994))¡FRosenstein v. CPC International Inc. ®×, 1991 WL 1783 (ED Pa 1/8/91)¡FStrain v. Nutri/System Inc.®×, 1990 WL 209325 (ED Pa 12/12/90)¡C